PLANTICA, Vol. 3 (2&3), April – July, 2019
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Cover and Index – PLANTICA 3 (2&3), April – July, 2019
1. GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDY IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
Sachin Kumari* and R. K. Sheoran
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Oil Seed Section, Chaudary Charan Singh Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, Haryana, India
*Corresponding Author: sachin.narwal97@gmail.com
Received: 14 March, 2019 – Accepted: 23 July, 2019
Abstract
This study has been undertaken to investigate the seventy five hybrids developed by making crosses between fifteen female parents (lines) and five male parents (testers) in line x testers mating design along with one standard checks (HSFH 848). Hybrids and parents were evaluated under four different environments i.e. Summer 2014, last week of August (E1) and First week of Sept. (E2) and during spring 2015, i.e. first week of February (E3) and last week of February (E4). Randomly five plants are selected for each genotype and replication to recorded the data of different quantitative characters viz. plant height (cm), head diameter (cm), stem diameter (cm) days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, hundred seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g), oil content (%), hull content (%), percent seed filling, germination (%), electrical conductivity (μScm-1g-1), viability (%), vigour index and fatty acids (%) in all the test environments. On the basis of Euclidean minimum distance, all the genotypes were grouped into six clusters which showed the presence of enough amount of genetic diversity in the present material. The cluster IV was having highest numbers of genotypes followed by clusters V,I,VI, II, III .The intra-cluster distances were less than that of inter cluster distances which showed that there was narrow genetic variation within the clusters while there was maximum genetic variation in between the clusters. The use of genotypes in hybridization from these results is likely to produce more heterotic combination in future.
Key words: D2 statistics, genetic divergence, clusters, sunflower
2. EFFECT OF IAA AND BAP ON SEED GERMINATION AND VEGETATIVE GROWTH ATTRIBUTES OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.
Zarkha Sultan, Neha Tiwari* and Neha Saini
Department of Botany, Uttaranchal (PG) College of Bio-Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
*Corresponding author: neha.tiwari7@gmail.com
Received: 30 June, 2019 – Accepted: 23 July, 2019
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of concentration of different growth hormones (auxin and cytokinin) on seed germination, growth and biomass of Raphanus sativus. Different concentration (viz 0, 50, 100 and 150ppm) both of IAA and BAP were used, to study the effect on germination and also the seeds were sown in field to study the effect on growth parameter and biomass of radish. The experimental finding indicated that between the two phytohormones used, IAA was more beneficial in enhancing germination percentage, growth and yield of Raphanus sativus. BAP showed enhancing effect only in belowground plant height and biomass, which was still lower than recorded in case of IAA treatment. However BAP in 50 ppm concentration showed the maximum values for radicle and plumule diameter. The overall comparative results indicated that IAA 50ppm significantly increased the germination percentage, growth attributes and biomass and hence contributing to an increased yield in radish.
Keywords: IAA, BAP, Seed germination, Vegetative growth, Biomass.
3. FLOWERING, FRUITING, BREEDING TECHNIQUES AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN MACADAMIA NUT
S. P. S. Solanki*
Department of Fruit Science, COH&F, Punjab Agriculture University (PAU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
*Corresponding Author: shivanhm7@gmail.com
Received: 14 July, 2019 – Accepted: 25 July, 2019
Abstract
For development of macadamia cultivar germplasm identify with huge tree size, broadened adolescent period, cultivar life span, verifying stable subsidizing and long haul field preliminaries for estimation of efficiency. Macadamia has been financially developed for under 160 years and current cultivars are just two to four ages expelled from nature. There is critical potential for arrival of improved cultivars with proceeded with particular reproducing. We are contemplating strategies to improve reproducing effectiveness using quantitative hereditary qualities, genome-wide choice, and agreeable field preliminaries with business makers and elective rearing populace structures through utilization of polycrosses. Past reproducing has chosen essentially for nut-in-shell yield, portion recuperation and tree size. We are investigating chances to choose for different attributes including elective tree design, changed conceptive science, piece quality qualities and infection obstruction. Some portion of this procedure includes abuse of the wild germplasm that is local to Australia in the quest for novel qualities and expanded decent variety.
Key words: Breeding, Biotechnology, Germplasm and Macadamia nut
4. ETHNO BOTANICAL STUDIES ON BHOTIYA TRIBAL COMMUNIY OF UTTARKASHI DISTRICT
Mahendra Pal Singh Parmar*1 and Arvind Singh 2
1Department of Botany Govt. P.G College Uttarkashi, 2Department of Botany Govt. Degree College Kotdwar Bhabar, Uttarakhand
*Corresponding Author: mahen2004@rediffmail.com
Received: 03 July, 2019 – Accepted: 23 July, 2019
Abstract
Plants provide food, medicine, energy, shelter, wood and non-wood products to sustain life on earth. Uttarakhand also known as DEVBHOOMI, one of the Himalayan states of India, is richest in resources with respect to the occurrence of religious and spiritual plants. These plants are utilized by ethnic societies of Uttarkashi district to their religious activities and are also important as food, fodder and medicine. We have identified a total so many plant species belonging to different families utilized traditionally by ethnic societies of Uttarkashi district during various religious, medicinal, mysterious and spiritual ceremonies. Recently, few ethno-botanical studies on some caste or tribes have been conducted . However, these attempts have ignored detailed study on religious and spiritual values of plants in heterogeneous Hindu dominated Indian society particularly Uttarakhand that gives higher social recognition on it. Therefore, this paper attempts to investigate and document some high value medicinal ,religious and spiritual values of plant species in Uttarkahi district of Uttarakhand state. In the present study, the description of religious plants is based on survey and discussion with local users (ethnic societies) of Uttarkashi district.
Key words: Ethnic societies, ethno-botanical, tribes and religious plants
5. STUDY THE POTENTIAL OF HOME GARDEN IN THE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND LIVELIHOOD
Pramila Rana*, S. K.Tewari and Ankush Singh
College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, U. S. Nagar, Rudrapur, Uttarakhand
*Corresponding author: pramilarana788@gmail.com and pramilarana283@gmail.com
Received: 18 July, 2019 – Accepted: 25 July, 2019
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out with the aim how trees help in biodiversity conservation in Rudraprayag (Malkhi and Khumera villages) and Uttarkashi district (Kurura and Panchan gaun villages) in Uttarakhand. The study was based on by using semi structure interview, field observation and simple preference scoring method in selected site. Three stage sampling technique was employed for constructing sampling plan of the study. The first stage of sampling plan was the selection of blocks from the selected districts, followed by selection of villages (second stage) and selection of respondents (third stage) from the selected villages. The homegardens are the sites for conservation of a large diversity of trees, because of their uses to the households. Data were analyzed using preference ranking method. A total of 35 species of trees (forest trees+ fruit trees), 18 species of agriculture crops, 13 species of vegetable crops, 7 species of grasses and 13 species of shrub were identified in the study area. Thus the homegardens were found to be complex systems due to plant diversity conservation through their multiple uses.
Key words: Biodiversity, sampling and homegardens
6. AN OVERVIEW ON IN VITRO REGENERATION OF MEDICINALLY VALUED ENDANGERED HIMALAYAN FLORAL SPECIES OF UTTARAKHAND
Sneha Bhandari* and Tapan K. Nailwal
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand
*Corresponding Author: snehabhandari43@gmail.com
Received: 12 July, 2019 – Accepted: 25 July, 2019
Abstract
Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) spans most of the northern states of the nation. This incredible mountain is a hub for highly rich diversity in terms of flora and fauna. Some species are even endemic to this region. From the past few decades, this glorious habitat is facing many threats due to climatic change and increased human activities. Because of these factors, many species have become endangered and striving with their existence in nature. The floral species of this region are of great therapeutic values, some species have not yet been inspected for their medicinal value and for other industrially important products. In-situ and ex-situ methods of protection have been implemented to save these threatened species. Plant tissue culture in ex-situ terms, has proved to be an effective means for conservation of these threatened plant species as it provides a large-scale multiplication of plants under sterile lab conditions. Present review deals with results and conclusions of mass multiplication of endangered species with the help of in vitro regeneration technique, their therapeutic values and the future perspectives related to protection of these endangered plant species.
Key words: Endangered, Endemic, Ex-situ, Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), In-situ
7. SCOPE AND CHALLENGES OF EXPLOITATION OF MALE STERILITY FOR DEVELOPING NEW HYBRIDS IN ORNAMENTAL CROPS
Pooja Kaintura*
Department of Agriculture, Doon Business School, Selaqui, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
*Corresponding Author: poojakaintura29005@gmail.com
Received: 12 July, 2019 – Accepted: 23 July, 2019
Abstract
Hybrid seed are highly demanded in ornamental crops due to their vigour and uniformity. In Ornamental crops hybrids are preferred as both loose flower and bedding plants. Traditional method of emasculation and hybridization is very labour intensive and thus increase the cost of production of hybrid. Exploitation of male sterile lines for development of hybrids not only reduces labour cost but is quit practical also. Presently male sterile line has been reported in few ornamental crops only and further work is going on other crops regarding development of male sterile line in more ornamental crops.
Key word: male sterile line, hybrids
8. PRACTICE OF SHIFTING CULTIVATION IN NORTH-EASTERN INDIA
Sugandha*, Chepeu Koza, Rathod Digvijay Singh and Akshit Kukreti
Silviculture and Forest Management Division, Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
*Corresponding Author: kumarsugandha7@gmail.com
Received: 15 July, 2019 – Accepted: 26 July, 2019
Abstract
India dominantly an agricultural country has diverse land cultivation techniques. Shifting cultivation being one amongst it. The practice of shifting agriculture dates back to about 8000 BC in the Neolithic period. In India, shifting cultivation is practised in the hill areas of North-Eastern Region, Sikkim, Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Maharashtra. But among all these states, such practices are still prevalent in the hill areas of North-Eastern states, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. In Northeast it is also known as jhum cultivation where a patch of land is set on fire for clearing after cultivating for limited number of years. This farming system has been widely disputed as environmentally and economically unfeasible. Since time immemorial, shifting cultivation has been component and parcel of the tradition and culture and its practice is still common to this day. An in-depth look at the importance of shifting cultivation to the indigenous tribes is required along with adoption of feasible measures to protect natural resources.
Keywords: Crops, Deforestation, Fire, Jhumming, Shifting cultivation
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